Principal's Leadership Style, Library Services Against Student Reading Motivation

. Motivation to read is a process of driving behavior or the urge to read. Therefore, this article attempts to measure the role of school principals and library services in increasing reading motivation in elementary schools in Baubau city. This study involved teachers and elementary school students in the Lea-lea sub-district, Baubau City. The questionnaire instrument was used to obtain answers to the relationship between the leadership style of the principal, library services and students' reading motivation. The results of the observation found that there was a deviation in the reading motivation score of elementary school students from the average value, the level of deviation of the Principal's leadership style score from its average value and the level of deviation of the Library Service score from its average value. The design of this research is a quantitative study based on the random sampling method using the normality test of the estimation error and the homogeneity of variance test. The results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant influence between the leadership style of the principal and the reading motivation of elementary school students, there was a positive and significant influence between library services (X2) and reading motivation of elementary school students (Y) and there was a positive and significant influence between the leadership style. Principal (X1) and Library Services (X2) together with Elementary School students' reading motivation (Y).

https://ijersc.org/ 2019). [5]Motivation is a psychological process that drives behavior or encouragement to achieve an expected goal. With the achievement of this goal, satisfaction will be fulfilled in him. Factors that influence it include the very rapid development of the times, namely the internet service that should be used to read information. Service-learning and other experiential pedagogies are often emphasized in family service to help students develop academic, social, and interpersonal skills, including cultural competences. (Kennedy & Gruber, 2020). [6] According to Kern (2000), literacy is the use of social, historical and cultural situations in creating and interpreting meaning through texts. (Wandasari et al., 2019). [7]School, which is a formal education, aims to produce human beings with personalities, in developing intellectual students in order to educate the nation's life. In the formation of human personality (students), the intellectual development of students and the intellectual life of the nation cannot be separated from the management of the school principal. The principal of the school as an education leader has a very important role in helping teachers and students achieve education and development goals. Transformational leaders support the intellectual development of teachers and also instill a passion and spirit of transformation. (Aydin et al., 2013). [8]In his leadership, the principal must be able to understand, overcome and improve the deficiencies that occur in the school environment and maintain the strengths and progress of the school.
According to Dunklee (2000), principals or leaders influence student behavior and academic outcomes. (Munir & Iqbal, 2018). [9] Leadership and motivation cannot be separated. (Le Tellier & Hébert, 2006) [10]. In realizing the vision, mission and goals of the school, the principal in carrying out his duties must be full of quality improvement strategies, so as to produce quality outputs and outcomes, then the professionalism of the principal will show the quality of school performance (Edwards et al., 2013). [11] Today's modern world, very many things change rapidly in all areas of life including education, it is important to review the influence of leadership styles on teacher work motivation and job satisfaction and its effect on student achievement. (Kheir-Faddul & Dănăiaţă, 2019). [12]The library as a non-profit organization is a unit that provides information services. According to Rusina Sjahrial, a library is a service that is contained in the educational environment of both SD, SMP, SMK and SMA. (Agusalim et al., 2019). [13] Since the introduction of the Patriot Act, libraries stopped collecting patrons' reading habits, but so many library integrated library systems (ILS) snag massive amounts of patron information we are unaware of. (Lamanna, 2019), [14] So in library information services activities not only focus on information services but also must pay attention to the reactions of users who use the services. Libraries apply strategic management and effective policies. The school has a library facility with reference materials in fiction, non-fiction, physics, mathematics, chemistry, social studies, English language, biology, ICT, music, technical/ vocational, education, general science, and miscellaneous. (Yebowaah & Owusu-Ansah, 2020). [15]The role of the librarian or the role of the teacher in a broad reading program to develop students a lifelong interest in reading and its interpretation in their daily lives (Agustin & Wirza, 2020). [16] The leading library is an institution that is able to identify needs and satisfy its customers. For this reason, libraries are always required to improve the quality of service to users and always develop better added value, in this way the library can attract visitors and retain existing users. Users will feel satisfied if they can find information that is relevant to their needs. Users will also feel satisfied when serving librarians to be friendly, polite, full of partnerships and the available facilities must also support, so that in using the library the user will feel comfortable with the available facilities.Research conducted by Lance states that the need for school libraries to make a difference by meeting standards to improve the quality of education as a form of improving the quality of staffing, technology and information, the integration of literacy into the curriculum (Lance et al., 2000). [17] The goal accepted by school librarians is to help students become lifelong learners (Crow, 2011). [18]Library services are still not a concern of library managers. As stated in Aubrey's research at the Malawian library, library managers do not pay attention to increasing service delivery to its users (Chaputula & Mapulanga, 2017) [19] Some types of motivation that encourage students to read are intrinsic motivation. (Djaali, 2008) states that intrinsic motivation is a form of motivation in which learning activities are started and continued based on an impulse that is absolutely related to the personal desire to do the job, while extrinsic motivation is active and functioning motives due to stimulants. from the outside. Thus the existence of teachers is very important, both as a driving medium, moderator, https://ijersc.org communicator, and as a facilitator of students' reading activities. (Sardiman, 2017). [20] Teachers can also provide books and other media to encourage student reading activities (Agyemang Adarkwah & Zeyuan, 2020). [21]This is different from this opinion in SD in the Lea-lea sub-district, Bau-Bau city, where there is no deviation in the teacher's score, but the observation results show that there is a level of deviation in the Principal's leadership style score from the average value which is in line with the level of deviation in the Library Service score. and it was found that there was a deviation in the reading motivation score of elementary school students from the average grade point average so that the authors were interested in conducting research in the subdistrict's public elementary school.

II. METHODS
This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach that observes the prevalence, distribution, and relationship of subjects to other subjects. In tesing the research hypothesis, correlation and regression analysis techniques were used. The requirements needed for the use of this analysis are: (1) samples taken randomly and the minimum sample size is met, (2) Y independent and normally distributed, (3) homogeneous data group variance. Of these requirements, the first requirement has been met, because the sample was taken at random (SimpleRandom Sampling) with a sample size of 178 people. For other requirements, it still needs to be tested.
Estimated Error Normality Testing The data required for regression analysis must be normally distributed. Therefore, it is necessary to test the normality requirements for regression analysis. The normality test for each research variable was carried out using the Lilliefors test. The results of the L-count calculations were consulted with Ltabel at the significance level α = 0.05. The research data is said to be normally distributed if the price of L-count <Ltabel. (Sudjana, 2016) [22] The calculation of the research data's normality was carried out for Y on X 1 , and Y on X 2 . The test results are presented as follows: Normality Test for Estimated Y Regression Error on X 1 The steps for conducting a normality test analysis are as follows: (1) looking for the form of regression Y on X1 then looking for the estimated error (Y-Ŷ), (2) looking for L-count (maximum) then testing it with Ltabel.The results of the calculation of the normality test of Y on X1 obtained L-count = 0.063, with n = 178 and a significance level of α = 0.05, it was obtained Ltable = 0.067. Because L-count = 0.063 <Ltabel = 0.067, it can be concluded that the sample comes from a normally distributed population.
Normality Test for Estimated Y Regression Error on X 2 The results of the calculation of the normality test Y on X2 obtained L-count = 0.059 with n = 178 and a significance level of α = 0.05 obtained Ltable = 0.067. Because L-count = 0.059 <Ltabel = 0.067, it can be concluded that the sample comes from a normally distributed population.
Thus, as a whole, it can be seen in the summary of the error normality test results in Table 1.

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In this section, a description of the data that is influential with the variables studied, namely: the dependent variable of elementary school students' reading motivation (Y), the independent variable consisting of the principal's leadership style (X1), and library services (X2). The descriptions of the research data for the three variables will be expressed in the average score (M), standard deviation (SD), mode (Mo), and median (Me) as in table 2 below:  The scores collected about the principal's leadership style obtained a theoretical range of 24 -120. While the empirical score with the lowest score is 50 and the highest is 118, thus the score range is 68. The distribution of these scores is obtained by an average score (M) of 86.95, standard deviation (SD) = 14,187, mode (Mo) = 96.00, and median (Me) = 87.00. Table 4.1 shows the standard deviation (SD) score of14,187 shows the degree of deviation of the Principal's leadership style score from its average value. 3. Library Service Score Date regarding library service variables obtained from research results can be arranged in the form of a frequency distribution as in table 5 below: From the frequency distribution of library services, the theoretical range is 25-125, while the lowest score is 62 and the highest is 124. Thus, a score range of 62 is obtained. 93.11, standard deviation (SD) = 12,651, mode (Mo) = 92.00, and median (Me) =93.00. The first hypothesis proposed in this study is that there is a positive influence on the principal's leadership style (X1) with the reading motivation of elementary school students (Y). From the simple regression analysis results for the principal's leadership style variable (X1) with the elementary school student's reading motivation variable (Y), the regression coefficient b = 0.914 and a constant a = 30.603 Thus, the shape of the two variables' influence can be described by an equation Ŷ = 30.603 + 0.914X1. Before the results of these calculations are used for prediction, the regression equation must meet the significance and linearity requirements. In finding out the meaning and linearity of the regression equation, an F-test was carried out and the results as follow in table 6 below: To test the regression equation's linearity, the value of F-count =0.741 smaller than the Ftable price of 1.43or (Fh <Ft) at the significant level α = 0.05, so it can be said that the regression is linear. Thus, the regression equationŶ = 30,603 + 0,914X1 can predict the effect of the dependent variable Y by using the independent variable X1. This equation implies that every 1 unit increase in X1, will be followed by an https://ijersc.org increase in Y of0.914at a constant equal to 30,603. the influence of the principal's leadership style with elementary students' reading motivation on the regression equation30.603 + 0.914X1  To test the linearity of the regression equation, in table 4.7, the value of F-count =1,125smaller than the price of Ftable = 1.43. (F-count <Ftable) at the significant level α = 0.05, so it can be concluded that the regression model is linear. Thus the regression equationŶ = 25.142 + 0.912X2can be used to predict the dependent variable Y with the independent variable X2. This equation implies that every increase of one unit of X2 will increase Y of0.912units in the constant 25,142. the effect of library services on reading motivation of elementary school students with regression equationsŶ = 25,142 + 0,912X2this, can be made in the following diagram 4.5: The coefficient of determination is the square of the correlation coefficient Y with X2, which is equal to(0.757) 2 = 0.573which means that the Library Service can explain 57.3% of the variations that occur in elementary school students' reading motivation with a regression equation Ŷ = 25.142 + 0.912X2.The magnitude of the correlation coefficient can be summarized in table 10 below: Information: ** = Significant correlation (T-count> T-table) α = Significant level r = correlation coefficient, r2 = coefficient of determination When controlling for the Principal's leadership style (X1), a partial correlation coefficient of ry2.1 = is obtained0.359. While the coefficient of determination (ry2.1) 2 = (0.359) 2 = 0.129. Price T-count = 5.093> T-table (α = 0.05; 177) = 1.984at the significant level α = 0.05, which indicates that the effect of the two variables is significant. From the results of these calculations, it turns out that it shows an increase in the level of influence when controlling for other independent variables, which tends to weaken. The magnitude of the correlation coefficient by controlling for other independent variables can be summarized in table 11 below: The results of the calculation of multiple regression analysis for the two variables of Principal leadership style (X1), and Library Services (X2), with the reading motivation of elementary school students (Y) obtained regression direction b = 0,690 for the leadership style of the principal (X1), and 0.339for Library Service (X2) at constant 18,510. Thus their influence can be made in the regression equation Ŷ = 18,510+ 0,690X1 + 0.339X2.To determine the degree of significance of the regression equation, it was tested using the F test. From the calculation of F-count = 275.470 and Ftable (0.05; 2: 175) = 3.07. For more details, the results of the F test can be seen in table 12 below. These calculations indicate that the F-count value obtained is 275.470, while the Ftable with the dk numerator 2 and db denominator 175 at the significance level α = 0.05 is 3.07. From the calculation, it turns out that F-count = 175,470> Ftable = 3.07. Thus it can be concluded that the regression equationŶ = 18,510+0,690X1 + 0.339X2significant. The results of multiple correlation calculations produce a correlation coefficient of ry.12 = 0.871. The test for the significance of the correlation coefficient with the F test gives the value of F-count = 275.470, while the Ftable with the dk numerator 2 and dk denominator 175 at the significant level α = 0.05 is 3.07, it can be stated that the correlation that occurs between Y and X1, and X2, collectively "means". Thus, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected or H1 is accepted. In other words, the proposed research hypothesis that is "there is a positive influence between the leadership style of the principal and library services together with the reading motivation of elementary school students" has been verified.The coefficient of determination r2 obtained is  2 12 . y r 0.8712 = 0.759 which indicates that 75.9% of the variation in elementary school students' reading motivation is determined by the leadership style of the principal and library services together through a regression equation Ŷ = 18,510+0,690X1 + 0.339X2. In other words, the score of the Principal's leadership style and library services together can predict the reading motivation score of elementary school students by 75.9%, while the remaining 24.1% cannot be explained, in the sense that it comes from other variables which are not also disclosed in this study.

Discussion
Based on the description on the hypothesis test above, the research findings can be described as follows : There is a positive and significant influence between the principal's leadership style and the reading motivation of elementary school students The significant positive influence between the principal's leadership style and the reading motivation of elementary school students in this study shows that the better the leadership style of the principal in the school environment, the higher the reading motivation of elementary school students, on the contrary if the principal's leadership style in an educational institution is not conducive, then the motivation elementary students' reading will be low. The above is related to what researchers have done regarding the Principal's leadership style and job performance in Gibson which suggests that the Extrinsic and Intrinsic Principal leadership styles can be used to encourage job performance. The leadership style of the Principal also explains that good conditions must be formed to become an appropriate driver for the achievement of work results.
Achievement also requires a good support system as suggested by Kreiner and Kinicki:"First, people with the requisite abilities, skills, and job knowledge need to be hired. Next, training is required to correct any job knowledge shortfalls." (Nelson, 1991). [23] People with the necessary abilities, skills and job knowledge need to be employed. Furthermore, training is needed to correct any lack of knowledge in work. It can be explained that the reading motivation of elementary school students can be increased through training provided by the leadership, where this step is an appreciation. In other words, the higher or better the implementation of a principal's leadership style, the higher the reading motivation of elementary school students. This condition occurs because the principal's strong leadership style will help the existence of a campus in providing certainty for all employees to develop together and the growth and development of the educational institution. There is a positive and significant influence between library services (X2) and elementary students' reading motivation (Y) The significant positive influence between library service variables and reading motivation of elementary school students shows that the healthier library services are, the higher the reading motivation of elementary school students, conversely the unhealthy library services, the lower the reading motivation of elementary school students In line with the opinion of Plunkett and colleagues regarding Library Services in the management function: "Controlling is the management function in which managers set and communicate performance standards for people, processes, and devices." (Levvey et al., 2010) [24] Library service is a management function where managers prepare and communicate a set of standards for people's work https://ijersc.org performance, process, and equip them. Thus it is necessary for the principal to develop library service skills in effect with the achievement of the work of the employees. A healthy library service is characterized by openness, mutual respect, mutual trust, addressing differences of view wisely, and the existence of feedback, thus there will be confidence on the part of employees to work optimally.There is a positive and significant influence between the leadership style of the principal (X1) and library services (X2) together with the reading motivation of elementary school students (Y).The significant positive influence between the Principal's leadership style and library services variable with the elementary school student's reading motivation variable shows that the better the principal's leadership style in the campus environment and the more effective the library services are, the higher the reading motivation of elementary school students On the other hand, if the leadership style of the principal on campus is increasingly unfavorable and the library services are increasingly ineffective, then the reading motivation of elementary school students will be low. The results of this study are in line with those stated by Merchant and Van der Stede : The implementation of results controls requires four steps: (1) defining the dimension (s) on which results are desired (or not desired), such as profitability, customer satisfaction, or product defects; (2) measuring performance on these dimensions; (3) setting performance targets for employees to strive for; and (4) providing Gaya kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolahs to encourage the behaviors that will lead to the desired results. (Merchant & Van der Stede, 2017) [25]It was explained that the dimensions of good work are goal setting and measuring what important things employees have to do. Measuring work results is a library service system where the target interest is the work of a person or team in a certain period of time. The determination of work result targets or standards is a specific part for each dimension of the measured work results. Finally, the Library Service system can determine the Principal's leadership style which of course can provide benefits for library staff.Thus it is important for the leadership of the principal to combine the Principal leadership style and library services which are effective in motivating students in schools to read so as to achieve the best work results. The importance of these two variables can be seen from the magnitude of the contribution of the two variables to the increase in the reading motivation of elementary school students, which reached 75.9%. While independently, the leadership style of the principal only contributed 72.3% and library services contributed 57.3% to the reading motivation of elementary school students.

IV. CONCLUSION
The conclusions of this article are: (1) There is a positive and significant influence between the leadership style of the principal and the reading motivation of elementary school students. (2) There is a positive and significant influence between library services (X2) and students' reading motivation (Y). (3) There is a positive and significant influence between the leadership style of the principal (X1) and library services (X2) together with the reading motivation of elementary school students (Y).

V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks to the Chancellor of the Muhammadiyah Buton University who always provides support in completing this research. The author also thanks the publisher who was willing to review and publish this research article.