Optimizing Counterradicalism For The Young Generation In Preventing Terrorist Radicalism Through State Minded In Action

. Deradicalization is guided by counterterrorism preventive measures as a strategic effort in neutralizing ideas that are considered radical and can be dangerous through a non-violent approach. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing radicalism in the younger generation, especially in higher education through questionnaires and interviews with related parties. Terrorism is currently a serious problem and endangers national security, so prevention efforts are needed. The target of the spread of radical terrorism that has infiltrated the university environment needs to be prevented and become a common concern, especially university leaders. The development of the radical flow of terrorism in the university environment can endanger the unity of the state because universities are a place for educational candidates for intellectuals, entrepreneurs, bureaucrats, technocrats and professionals. The aim of radicals is to bring about changes to the roots and for this they always use violent methods and oppose the existing structure of society. So that joint efforts are needed in preventing and overcoming the spread of radicalism, transformation of terrorism in universities. Efforts to prevent the various factors that cause radicalism are carried out with policies contained in universities and local governments through strengthening state minded in action among youth.


INTRODUCTION
Deradicalization is guided by preventive counterterrorism measures as a strategic effort in neutralizing ideas that are considered radical and can be harmful through a non-violent approach. The purpose of deradicalization is to restore radical understanding so that we can love our homeland and nation again. Terrorism is currently a serious problem and endangers national security, so prevention efforts are needed.The word "radical" comes from the word radix which means root. That is, radical can mean critical or think comprehensively. However, there are different concepts about the meaning of radical and radicalism. [1]The rise of terrorism makes people feel restless. Terrorism is coordinated attacks aimed at evoking feelings of terror against a group of people. Terrorists usually use violence to create fear, usually for political purposes, they are already swayed byradicalism. Radicalism has the meaning of understanding or flow that wants social and political change or renewal by means of violence or with extreme attitudes.The National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT) organizes several programs, one of which is deradicalization. Deradicalization is a program that aims to neutralize the thoughts of those who have fallen into radicalism. The targets are terrorists inside and outside prisons.
Deradicalizationhas the aim of neutralizing the thought of radicalism. That is, to clean up the thoughts of radicalism that exist in terrorists so that they can return to being ordinary people like other people.Shifting the definition of radicalism and deradicalization as previously handled by BNPT. So far, radicalism refers to terrorists or terrorism. The deradicalization efforts carried out by BNPT refer to Law Number 15 of 2003 which was amended by Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism.In Article 43D of the Law, de-radicalization is only aimed at "suspects, defendants, convicts, convicts, ex-terrorism convicts, and people or groups who have been exposed to radical notions of terrorism". However, the government does not also provide a clear definition of radicalism, so that the deradicalization carried out also has the potential to be uncertain.Students as the nation's next generation can become potential targets for the spread of radicalism. So that it is necessary for all parties to play an active role in countering radicalism so that it does not spread among the younger generation. In the field of prevention, BNPT uses two strategies, namely counter-radicalization, which is an effort to instill Indonesian values and non-violent values. Meanwhile, deradicalization is aimed at groups of sympathizers, core supporters and militants who are carried out both inside and outside the correctional institution. [2] https://ijersc.org/

II. METHODS
Method in a general sense means a logical and systematic study of the principles that overwhelm research. Methodology also means a scientific way to find the truth. [3] Research is a basic tool in the development of science and technology. This is because research aims to reveal the truth in a systematic, methodological, and consistent manner. Through the research process, analysis and construction of the data that has been collected and processed is carried out. [4] This research was conducted with the aim of knowing radicalism in the younger generation, especially in higher education through questionnaires and interviews with related parties.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Radicalism is related to the desire of certain groups to gain power or also to change the form of power of a country by means of violence by using certain religious symbols in an effort to achieve its goals and obtain benefits through the use of religious symbols. Radicalism as an understanding that requires replacement, change and penetration of the existing system in society to its roots. Radicalism requires a total change in conditions or all aspects of people's lives. Radicalism is currently increasingly prevalent in Indonesia and many young people are starting to contract radicalism, even terrorism. The act of radicalism that develops is caused by not being able to accept differences and considering differences as a threat, so that it must be destroyed. This requires understanding tolerance and respecting differences, in this case, it is focused on preventing radicalism, transforming terrorism in the university environment. There are two factors that make radicalism enter the university environment, one of which is caused by a lack of religious understanding and the second factor is because students lack national insight. There are several factors that allow the emergence of radicalism among young people in religion, including: a. Mental health According to Michael McCullough and Timothy Smith in Zuly Qodir, mental health exists in young people as a very vulnerable position, so that young people easily experience depression caused by various factors in life. b. Economic unequal The economic disparity that has occurred so far will easily create social anger. If this economic injustice continues and afflicts a small part of society, and they transform it into the younger generation, it will easily move to fight against systematic economic injustice. c. Socio-political conditions that influence changes in behavior and forms of religious organizations According to Peter Bayer in Zuly Qodir, providing an explanation that now and in the future due to changes in world political policies, as part of globalization politics will cause changes in the pattern (form) of religious attitudes. and religious organization. Changes in society will affect the attitudes and religious views of individuals and groups in responding to globalization which sometimes does not benefit larger groups, but benefits small groups as owners of large capital and global policy makers. d. Religious commitment from religious understanding Certainties of people and groups in life are demands that are almost always present. There are many reasons why people want certainty in life .
Counter-radicalism as an effort to prevent the entry of the seeds of radicalism in the transformation of terrorism in universities. Prevention and control efforts can be carried out through a soft education approach by instilling the spirit of nationalism and defending the country to students and academics in the Higher Education environment. BNPT as the National Counterterrorism Agency in the field of prevention has a counter-radicalization strategy, namely efforts to inculcate the values of nationalism and non-violent values so that counter-radicalization is carried out through formal education and non-formal education. Cooperation efforts in counter-radicalism between the general public and supported by educational leaders, religious leaders, traditional leaders and various stakeholders in strengthening the state minded in action and understanding of nationality and the values of defending the state. In addition to the counter-radicalism strategy, there is also a de-radicalization strategy aimed at sympathizers, supporters, core and militant groups that are carried out inside the Correctional Institution and also outside the Correctional Institution including former terrorism convicts who have been released from the Correctional Institution. Counter-radicalism in Indonesia is regulated in Article 43 letter a in Law Number 5 of 2018 which states that the government is obliged to prevent criminal acts of terrorism. Counterradicalization is a planned, integrated, systematic, and https://ijersc.org continuous process that is carried out against people or groups of people who are vulnerable to being exposed to radical ideas of terrorism which are intended to stop the spread of radical ideas of terrorism. Counter radicalization can be done either directly or by counter narrative, counter propaganda, or counter ideology.
The role of Universities in contributing to the prevention and overcoming of developing radicalism on campus. So that legal awareness is also needed for all academics in the Higher Education environment. The problem of legal awareness that is part of the scope of legal issues and contains social values. The opinion which says that the binding of the law mainly depends on one's belief is known as the rechtsbewustzijn theory. Rechtsbewustzijn is closely related to legal compliance and the effectiveness of the law so that it is hoped that the values of legal awareness that are built strongly in the Higher Education environment will be successful in supporting counter-radicalism programs in preventing radicalism in Higher Education. All components in Higher Education in obeying the law are not a compulsion but because the law is in accordance with the values that exist in society and in accordance with the needs of the Higher Education environment which is a safe and comfortable place to study.The following are the views of students on radicalism and transformation of terrorism towards 151 respondents: Research that asks about the concept of terrorism, Terrorism is the threat or illegal use of violence by individuals or groups to achieve political, economic, or social goals by spreading fear, coercion, or intimidation. Student respondents Most of them stated strongly agree at 64.9% (sixty-four point nine percent) and some agreed at 32.5 (thirty-two point five percent). This study also asked about the distribution of radicalism and transformation of terrorism into universities.
The views of the respondents 46.1% (forty six point one percent) agreed and most of them expressed doubts 31.2% (thirty one point two percent). . This study also asks about the importance of the role in countering radicalism and transformation of terrorism in universities, most of them agree 51.9% (fifty one point nine percent) and 44.2% (forty four point two percent) strongly agree. This study also asked respondents of the State Defense Course to strengthen the sense of nationalism in countering Radicalism Transformation of Terrorism in Higher Education as much as 54.5% (fifty-four point five percent) stated strongly agree and 41.6% (forty one point six percent) ) agreed and a small part were still unsure. This study also asked the respondents of the Pancasila Education Course to strengthen the understanding of Pancasila ideology in counteracting Radicalism Transformation of Terrorism in Higher Education, the results obtained 54.5% (fifty four point five percent) of respondents stated strongly agree and most of the respondents 41.6% 9 forty one point six percent) agree. This study also asks the importance of the Pancasila Study Center in guarding the understanding and inculcation of Pancasila values as an effort to counteract Radicalism, Transformation of Terrorism in Higher Education, the results obtained are 51.3% (fifty one point three percent) agree and the other 47.4% (forty-seven point four percent) stated strongly agree. ,9% (twenty seven point nine percent) stated strongly agree, and 20, 1% (twenty point one percent) expressed doubt. This study also asks students to maintain and socialize the strengthening of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, the results obtained are 60.8% (sixty point eight percent) strongly agree and 31.2% (thirty one point two percent) agree.The need for a soft approach (deradicalization) by means of a counter radical ideology through strengthening state defense education that is integrated in various conditions in the campus environment. In the Citizenship Education General Course, a series of programs at student institutions and student organizations. [5] So that it is necessary for the active role of the community to participate in preventing the development of radicalism through supervision of the younger generation and students against the doctrines of radicalism that can divide unity and integrity.State minded in action as an attitude to defend the country in warding off radicalism among the younger generation and students in universities. Defending the State is the attitude and behavior of citizens who are inspired by their love for the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution in establishing the survival of the nation and state as a whole.Every citizen has the right and obligation to participate in efforts to defend the state and the conditions for defense are regulated by law. Awareness of defending the country is essentially a willingness to serve the country and a willingness to sacrifice to defend the country. The spectrum of the country's https://ijersc.org/ defense is very wide, from the most subtle, to the most violent. Starting from good relations with fellow citizens to jointly counteracting the real threat of armed enemies. Included in it is to act and do the best for the nation and the State.In Indonesia, the state defense process has been formally regulated in law. Some of them have been stated in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, especially article 30. In that article, it is explained that defending the nation is the obligation of all Indonesian people without exception.By carrying out the obligation to defend the nation, it is a proof and process for all citizens to show their willingness to serve the homeland and nation, as well as the awareness to sacrifice themselves to defend the country. The understanding of defending the country itself is so broad, ranging from subtle to hard understanding. Among them, starting with the establishment of good relations between fellow citizens to the process of cooperation to deal with threats from foreign parties in real terms. This is a proof of a sense of nationalism which is embodied in an attitude and behavior of citizens in their position as citizens. In the concept of state defense, there is a philosophy about the best way to behave and act for the state and nation.
Understanding of national defense is able to form a disciplined attitude of time, activities, and other activity arrangements. To form a spirit of togetherness and solidarity among fellow comrades in arms. Build mentally and physically tough. Instill a sense of love for the Nation and Patriotism according to one's abilities. Train the spirit of leadership in leading themselves and groups. Forming Faith and Taqwa on the Religion adhered to by the individual. Devoted to parents, nation, religion. Train speed, dexterity, individual accuracy in carrying out activities. Eliminate negative attitudes such as lazy, apathetic, wasteful, selfish, undisciplined. Forming honest, firm, fair, precise, and caring behavior among others. Examples of defending the country in everyday life today in various environments: Creating an atmosphere of harmony, peace, and harmony in the family. (family environment), Forming a family that is aware of the law (family environment) Increasing faith and piety and science and technology (school environment) Awareness to obey school rules (school environment), Creating an atmosphere of harmony, peace, and safety in society (community environment).Ideology is ideas and understanding. Ideology itself comes from the word idea. In addition, ideology also comes from the Greek language which means oida or knowing, seeing with the mind. The word logi comes from the Greek logos, which means knowledge. So ideology is knowledge of ideas or knowledge of ideas. According to Tracy, ideology is the science of ideas, a program that is expected to bring about institutional change in French society.Karl Marx himself defines ideology as a view of life that is developed based on the interests of certain social groups or classes in the political or socio-economic field.Meanwhile, Ramlan Surbakti put forward ideology both functionally and structurally. Functionally, ideology is defined as a set of ideas about the common good or society that is considered the best.While functionally ideology is divided into two types, namely doctrinal and pragmatic ideology.
Doctrinal ideology is that the teachings contained in the ideology are formulated systematically, and their implementation is closely monitored by party officials and government officials, for example the teachings of communism. Pragmatic ideology if the teachings contained in the ideology are not formulated in a systematic and detailed manner. The implementation of pragmatic ideology is not supervised by the apparatus but with institutional arrangements (internalization), namely individualism or liberalism.In general, ideology is a comprehensive and systematic collection of ideas, ideas, beliefs and concerns various fields of human life.Ideology is a reflection of the way of thinking of the people or society that shapes the society towards its ideals. Ideology is something that must be lived to become a belief.Ideology is a choice that clearly brings commitment (attachment) to make it happen. The deeper one's ideological awareness, the higher the commitment to implement it.Commitment is also reflected in the attitude of a person who believes in his ideology as a binding provision. So that one must believe in his ideology as a binding provision that must be obeyed in his life, both in personal life and in society.Efforts to prevent various factors that cause radicalism are carried out with policies contained in universities and local governments through strengthening state minded in action among youth. Policy (policy) is often used interchangeably with other terms such as programs, decisions, laws, other provisions such as programs, decisions, laws, provisions, proposals and grand plans. [6] The term policy in this case is transferred from English "policy" or in Dutch: "politiek" which in general can be interpreted in general principles that function to direct the government, especially law enforcement officers in managing, regulating or resolving affairs. https://ijersc.org Public affairs, community problems or fields of drafting legislation and the application of laws/regulations, with a (general) goal that leads to efforts to realize the welfare or prosperity of the community (citizens). [7] The spread of radical terrorism has begun to be systemic and is very worrying. In fact, the spread has been seen to be systemic by entering educational institutions, including universities. This of course requires special attention for the rectors of universities throughout Indonesia. The target of the spread of radical terrorism that has infiltrated the university environment needs to be prevented and become a common concern, especially university leaders. The development of the radical flow of terrorism in universities can endanger the unity of the state because universities are a place for educational candidates for intellectuals, entrepreneurs, bureaucrats, technocrats and professionals. The aim of radicals is to bring about changes to the roots and for this they always use violent methods and oppose the existing structure of society. So that joint efforts are needed in preventing and overcoming the spread of radicalism, transformation of terrorism in universities.

IV. CONCLUSION
The rise of terrorism makes people feel restless. Terrorism is coordinated attacks aimed at evoking feelings of terror against a group of people. Terrorists usually use violence to create fear, usually for political purposes, they are already swayed by radicalism. Radicalism has the meaning of understanding or flow that wants social and political change or renewal by means of violence or with extreme attitudes. The target of the spread of radical terrorism that has infiltrated the university environment needs to be prevented and become a common concern, especially university leaders. The development of the radical flow of terrorism in universities can endanger the unity of the state because universities are a place for educational candidates for intellectuals, entrepreneurs, bureaucrats, technocrats and professionals. The aim of radicals is to bring about changes to the roots and for this they always use violent methods and oppose the existing structure of society. So that joint efforts are needed in preventing and overcoming the spread of radicalism, transformation of terrorism in universities.